Michael D. Ezekowitz, MBChB, PhD, FRCP, FAHA, FACC
Professor
Jefferson Medical College
Vice President, Clinical Research
Main Line Hospitals
Wynnewood, Pennsylvania

Louis Kuritzky, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Community
Health and Family Medicine
University of Florida
Gainesville, Florida

After completing this activity series, participants will be able to:

• Apply the CHADS₂ or CHA₂DS₂-VASc scoring system to assess AF-related stroke risk
• Outline current guideline recommendations for stroke prevention in AF
• Identify and implement strategies to overcome barriers to guideline adherence in AF-related stroke prevention
• Summarize current clinical and pharmacoeconomic data regarding novel anticoagulants for AF-related stroke prevention
• Utilize strategies for safe and effective dosing and switching to novel anticoagulants when appropriate for patients with AF

All educational activities are accessible via a PC (Windows 2000/XP/Vista/7) or Mac (Mac OS 10.x or later) computer with current versions of the following browsers: Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome or Safari. Windows Media Player or compatible alternative, sound card, and speakers are required for streamed audio. The latest version of the Adobe Flash Player is suggested (please download here) for video programs. A PDF reader is required for print publications. Please direct technical questions to webmaster@naccme.com.

NACCME designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

The National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants accepts AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™ from organizations accredited by the ACCME.

This program is approved for 1.0 contact hours of continuing education by the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners. Program ID 1201022.

This program was planned in accordance with AANP CE Standards and Policies and AANP Commercial Support Standards.

Independent Clinical Reviewer: John M. Miller, MD, Professor of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Director, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology, Indiana University Health System, Indianapolis, Indiana

Nurse Planner: Susie Seaman, NP, Sharp Rees-Stealy Wound Clinic, San Diego, California

According to the disclosure policy of NACCME, faculty, editors, managers, and other individuals who are in a position to control content are required to disclose any relevant financial relationships with relevant commercial companies related to this activity. All relevant conflicts of interest that are indentified are reviewed for potential conflicts of interest. If a conflict is identified, it is the responsibility of NACCME to initiate a mechanism to resolve the conflict(s). The existence of these interests or relationships is not viewed as implying bias or decreasing the value of the presentation.

All educational materials are reviewed for fair balance, scientific objectivity of studies reported, and levels of evidence.

The faculty has reported the following:

Dr. Ezekowitz: Consultant—ARYx Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai Co, Ltd, Gilead, Janssen Scientific Affairs, Johnson & Johnson, Medtronics, Merck and Co., Inc, Pfizer, Inc, Portola, Sanofi U.S.; Speaker—Boehringer Ingelheim
Dr. Kuritzky: Scientific advisor—Boehringer Ingelheim
Dr. Miller: Grant/research support—Biosense-Webster, Inc, Biotronik, Inc, Medtronic, Inc; Consultant—Boston Scientific Corporation, Medtronic, Inc, Stereotaxis, St. Jude Medical, Inc, Topera, Inc: Scientific advisor—Stereotaxis, Topera, Inc
Ms. Seaman: Scientific Advisor—Molnlycke Health Care; Promotional Speakers' Bureau—Molnlycke Health Care

Dr. Borges, Ms. Ciszeski, Mr. Kearney, Dr. Lee, Mr. Robbin, and Mr. Savage have disclosed no relevant financial relationships with any commercial interests.

NACCME requires faculty to inform participants whenever off-label/unapproved uses of drugs and/or devices are discussed in their presentations.

The faculty has disclosed the following off-label/unapproved uses of drugs and/or devices that will be discussed: apixaban, betrixaban, and endoxaban for the treatment of stroke in atrial fibrillation patients.